胜学网校 / 2021-05-27
2021年考研英语的新大纲，经过对比，发现以下情况：
首先，大纲的汉语文字部分没有发生变化，这可以说明，今年出题规律不会发生大的变化。但是具体的细节规律和去年相比有没有调整，还需要等我明天详细分析今年的大纲样题之后再给同学们进行解析。
其次，有比较大变动的就是我们的词汇部分。还记得，上一次词汇发生比较大的变化是在2015年考研的时候，增加了60个词汇。但是，从后来真题的出题情况来看，这些新增加的词汇似乎也影响不太大。今年有增加的词汇，也有减少的词汇。还有词根词缀方便的调整。已经给大家进行了对比整理：
先看看词汇方面的变化：
大纲新增单词 | 大纲删减单词 | 其他单词变动对比 | |
aftermath | acrobat | amid | amid(st) |
aggregate | adjoin | anybody | anybody/anyone |
albeit | amplifier | anyway=anyhow | anyway |
algorithm | bosom | autumn | autumn/fall |
align | brim | bacterium([pl.]bacteria) | bacteria |
archive | brittle | bible | Bible |
arena | brook | bypass/by-pass | bypass |
artefact/artifact | caress | café | cafe/café |
bearing | defendant | centigrade | centigrade/Celsius |
bolster | disgrace | chairman | chairman/chairwoman/chairperson |
brevity | dubious | cosy | cosy/cozy |
check | fell | child（[pl.] children） | child |
concurrent | flu | crisis （[pl.] crises） | crisis |
configuration | fridge/refrigerator | criterion（[pl.] criteria） | criterion |
contingent | gasolene/gasoline | curriculum （[pl.] curricula） | curriculum |
convene | highland | foot （[pl.] feet） | foot |
coronavirus | inlet | formula （[pl.] formulae） | formula |
corporate | inquiry/enquiry | goodby/goodbye | goodbye |
culminate | invariable | goose （[pl.] geese） | goose |
cumulative | loudspeaker | hamburger | hamburger/burger |
deplete | mutton | index （[pl.]indexes, indices） | index |
deploy | Negro | Internet | Internet/internet |
deter | overpass | madame/madam | madam |
directly | piston | medium([pl.]media) | media与medium分开，为单独的两个词 |
discrete | prick | mouse（[pl.]mice） | mouse |
discretion | quartz | nucleus（[pl.]nuclei） | nucleus |
drone | quench | often | often/oftentimes |
dual | rotary | ought | ought to |
elicit | ruby | owing | owing to |
empathy | seaside | petrol | petrol/gasoline/gasolene |
enquiry/inquiry | sham | policeman | policeman/policewoman |
epic | shopkeeper | postman | postman/mailman |
equity | skeptical | proceeding | proceedings |
erode | slit | railway railroad | railway/railroad |
facet | snowstorm | salesman | salesman/saleswoman/salesperson |
gadget | tar | situated | situate |
I | telegram | spacecraft spaceship | spacecraft/spaceship |
icon | tramp | spokesman | spokeswoman/spokesperson |
imminent | trolly | sportsman | sportsman/sportswoman |
inflict | uproar | staircase stairway | staircase/stairway |
Influenza/flu | weld | statical | static |
invoke | wreath | steward | steward/stewardess |
jurisdiction | zinc | systematical | systematic |
lawsuit | tactics | tactic | |
lucrative | technology | technology/tech | |
mandate | telephone phone | telephone/phone | |
mentor | TV/television | television/TV | |
overt | thesis ([pl.] these) | thesis | |
tangible | tooth ([pl. ]teeth) | tooth | |
temporal | waiter waitress | waiter/waitress | |
transition | while | while/whilst | |
usually | yourself ([pl.]yourselves) | yourself yourselves | |
variance | |||
venue | |||
viable | |||
volatile | |||
warranty | |||
wary | |||
whereby | |||
worker | |||
workout | |||
sceptical/skeptical | |||
2021年大纲常用前缀中有新增，如下表所示：
(备注：红色标注代表今年2021年大纲新增词缀。)
a-：not or without; in a particular condition or way typically--atypically wake--awake | ante-: before or earlier; in front of date--antedate room--anteroom |
cyber-: relating to computers, the Internet, and virtual reality crime--cybercrime | down-: lower in position, amount, quality, or importance river--downriver size--downsize |
e-: electronic, on or using the Internet commerce--e-commerce | eco-: connected with the environment disaster--eco-disaster |
hemi-: half sphere--hemisphere | hyper-: more than usual tension--hypertension |
hypo-: less than usual tension--hypotension | meta-: beyond, higher analysis--meta-analysis |
milli-: one thousandth part of meter--millimeter | neo-: new or recent, or in a modern form classicism--neoclassicism |
off-: not on or away from stage--offstage | oft-: often quoted--oft-quoted |
omni-: all, completely present--omnipresent | pan-: including or relating to all parts or members African--pan-African |
para-: beyond; similar to but not official or not fully qualified normal--paranormal medic--paramedic | retro-: back or backwards active--retroactive |
up-: at or towards the higher or better part; moved or changed completely market--upmarket end--upend |
2021年大纲常用后缀有新增、删减，如下表所示：
(备注：蓝色标注代表2020大纲原有词缀，红色标注代表今年2021年大纲新增词缀。)
类别 | 2020年大纲 | 2021年大纲 |
名词后缀 | 新增： -acy, -cy: delicate—delicacy relevant—relevancy | |
-cy: accurate—accuracy private—privacy | 已删减。 | |
-ion, -ition, -ation: collect—collection observe—observation -sion, -ssion: decide—decision expand—expansion | 新增和删减： -ation, -ion, -ition, -sion, -tion, -xion: confirm—confirmation extinct—extinction
| |
新增： -ing: surf—surfing | ||
新增： -let： book—booklet drop—droplet | ||
-ology: climate—climatology future—futurology
| 新增： -logy, -ology： mineral—mineralogy climate—climatology | |
新增： -y: inquire—inquiry orthodox—orthodoxy | ||
形容词后缀 | 新增： -ed: talent—talented bad temper—bad-tempered | |
新增： -esque: picture—picturesque Roman—Romanesque | ||
新增： -friendly: user—user-friendly environment—environment-friendly |
2021年大纲中国家（或地区）名称中有一处变化，如下表所示：
(备注：蓝色标注代表2020大纲原有词缀，红色标注代表今年2021年大纲新增词缀。)
2020年大纲 | 2021年大纲 |
人： Scot (Scotman, Scotwoman); the Scots | 人： Scot (Scotsman, Scotswoman); the Scots |
2021年大纲常见缩写词中有一处变化，如下表所示：
(备注：蓝色标注代表2020大纲原有词缀，红色标注代表今年2021年大纲新增词缀。)
2020年大纲 | 2021年大纲 |
Ph.D., PhD Philosophiae Doctor | Ph.D., PhD Doctor of Philosophy |
文章来源网络由小编整理发布，如有侵权请联系小编删除！
